The Truth About Cavities: What They Are and How to Stop Them

Have you ever wondered why some people seem to get cavities no matter how often they brush, while others rarely deal with them? Cavities are one of the most common dental issues—yet many people don’t fully understand what they are or how to effectively prevent them. Knowing the truth about cavities can help you make informed decisions that protect your oral health for years to come.

What Is a Cavity?

A cavity is a small hole or area of decay in a tooth caused by prolonged exposure to acids produced by bacteria. These acids form when sugars and starches in your food are broken down by the bacteria in your mouth. Over time, if not removed through proper brushing and flossing, these acids begin to wear down the enamel—the hard outer layer of your tooth—eventually creating a cavity.

So, what is a cavity? Simply put, it’s permanent damage to your tooth structure that can lead to pain, infection, and even tooth loss if left untreated.

Cavities can form in any part of the tooth but are most commonly found in the grooves of molars, between teeth, and near the gumline. They start small and often go unnoticed until symptoms become more severe.

How Do I Know If I Have a Cavity?

Cavities don’t always cause immediate discomfort. In fact, early signs can be subtle, which is why routine dental exams are essential. Still, there are a few warning signs you can watch for:

• Tooth sensitivity to hot, cold, or sweet foods
• Persistent toothache or pain when chewing
• Visible holes or pits in your teeth
• Dark spots or stains that don’t brush away
• Bad breath or an unpleasant taste in your mouth

If you’ve found yourself asking, “How do I know if I have a cavity?”, any of these symptoms may be a clue. However, the only way to confirm a cavity is through a professional dental examination, often with the help of X-rays to detect areas not visible to the naked eye.

The Best Ways to Prevent Cavities

The good news? Cavities are largely preventable with consistent habits and smart choices. Here are some of the most effective strategies:

1. Practice Daily Oral Hygiene

Brush your teeth at least twice a day with fluoride toothpaste and floss daily. These habits remove food particles and plaque—the sticky film of bacteria that leads to cavities.

2. Visit the Dentist Regularly

Professional cleanings and checkups every six months allow your dentist to catch early signs of decay before they become serious problems. Preventive care is far less costly and uncomfortable than treatment for advanced cavities.

3. Cut Back on Sugary Foods and Drinks

Limit your intake of sugary snacks, soda, and fruit juices. Sugar fuels the bacteria that cause cavities, so reducing your consumption can dramatically lower your risk.

4. Drink More Water

Water helps rinse away food particles and neutralize harmful acids in the mouth. It also promotes saliva production, which plays a crucial role in protecting your teeth.

5. Ask About Sealants and Fluoride Treatments

Dental sealants are thin, protective coatings applied to the chewing surfaces of molars, and fluoride treatments help strengthen enamel. Both are safe, effective tools in preventing cavities—especially for children and teens.

Benefits of Good Dental Hygiene: What the Research Says

Maintaining strong oral hygiene habits doesn’t just prevent cavities—it supports your overall health. According to the American Dental Association (ADA), brushing twice daily with fluoride toothpaste and flossing once a day can significantly reduce the risk of cavities, gum disease, and even systemic conditions linked to poor oral health, such as heart disease and diabetes.

A study published in the Journal of Dental Research found that individuals who received regular dental cleanings had lower instances of dental caries (cavities) and improved long-term oral health outcomes. This shows that preventive care—both at home and in the dental office—is key to keeping your smile healthy and cavity-free.

Why Cavities Should Never Be Ignored

Even a small cavity can lead to larger issues if left untreated. Once decay reaches the deeper layers of your tooth, it can result in painful infections that may require a root canal or extraction. And cavities don’t repair themselves—they continue to grow unless addressed by a dental professional.

By catching them early and practicing prevention, you not only avoid pain and costly procedures but also preserve the natural structure of your teeth. That’s why early detection and prevention are so important.

Take Charge of Your Oral Health Today

Cavities might be common, but they’re not inevitable. By understanding what a cavity is and recognizing the signs early, you can protect your smile and overall health. If you’ve ever asked, “How do I know if I have a cavity?”, the best step you can take is to schedule a dental exam and let a professional assess your oral health.

At Gresham Advanced Dentistry, we’re here to help you stay ahead of dental issues with preventive care, personalized education, and treatments tailored to your needs. Located at 1201 SE 223rd Ave #260, Gresham, OR 97030, our experienced team—led by Dr. Hanset and Dr. Kelch—welcomes new and returning patients who are ready to take the next step toward healthier teeth.

Call us today at 503-664-9993 to book your appointment and give your smile the care it deserves.